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Fire Helmet, "Niagara 3 Pelham"

unknown

The traditional American leather firefighter’s helmet with its distinctive long rear brim, front shield, and crest adornment was first developed around 1821-1836 in New York City. Henry T. Gratacap, a New York City luggage maker by trade, is often credited as the developer of this style of fire helmet. Gratacap created a specially treated leather helmet with a segmented “comb” design that led to unparalleled durability and strength. The elongated rear brim (also known as a duckbill or beavertail) and front shield were 19th century innovations that remain the most identifiable feature of firefighter’s helmets. The body of the helmet was primarily designed to deflect falling debris, the rear brim prevented water from running down firefighters’ backs, and their sturdy crowns aided in breaking windows.

Date

early 19th century

Type

helmet, fire

Medium

leather (overall material)

Department

NMAH

Institution

National Museum of American History

Object number

nmah_1333591

Credit

Gift of CIGNA Museum and Art Collection